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| Src | Date (GMT) | Titre | Description | Tags | Stories | Notes |
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2023-01-24 16:30:00 | Anomali Cyber Watch: Roaming Mantis Changes DNS on Wi-Fi Routers, Hook Android Banking Trojan Has Device Take-Over Capabilities, Ke3chang Targeted Iran with Updated Turian Backdoor (lien direct) | The various threat intelligence stories in this iteration of the Anomali Cyber Watch discuss the following topics: APT, Banking trojans, DNS hijacking, China, Infostealers, Malvertising, Phishing, and Smishing. The IOCs related to these stories are attached to Anomali Cyber Watch and can be used to check your logs for potential malicious activity.
Figure 1 - IOC Summary Charts. These charts summarize the IOCs attached to this magazine and provide a glimpse of the threats discussed.
Trending Cyber News and Threat Intelligence
Roaming Mantis Implements New DNS Changer in Its Malicious Mobile App in 2022
(published: January 19, 2023)
In December 2022, a financially-motivated group dubbed Roaming Mantis (Shaoye) continued targeting mobile users with malicious landing pages. iOS users were redirected to phishing pages, while Android users were provided with malicious APK files detected as XLoader (Wroba, Moqhao). Japan, Austria, France, and Germany were the most targeted for XLoader downloads (in that order). All but one targeted country had smishing as an initial vector. In South Korea, Roaming Mantis implemented a new DNS changer function. XLoader-infected Android devices were targeting specific Wi-Fi routers used mostly in South Korea. The malware would compromise routers with default credentials and change the DNS settings to serve malicious landing pages from legitimate domains.
Analyst Comment: The XLoader DNS changer function is especially dangerous in the context of free/public Wi-Fi that serve many devices. Install anti-virus software for your mobile device. Users should be cautious when receiving messages with a link or unwarranted prompts to install software.
MITRE ATT&CK: [MITRE ATT&CK] T1078.001 - Valid Accounts: Default Accounts | [MITRE ATT&CK] T1584 - Compromise Infrastructure
Tags: actor:Roaming Mantis, actor:Shaoye, file-type:APK, detection:Wroba, detection:Moqhao, detection:XLoader, malware-type:Trojan-Dropper, DNS changer, Wi-Fi routers, ipTIME, EFM Networks, Title router, DNS hijacking, Malicious app, Smishing, South Korea, target-country:KR, Japan, target-country:JP, Austria, target-country:AT, France, target-country:FR, Germany, target-country:DE, VK, Mobile, Android
Hook: a New Ermac Fork with RAT Capabilities
(published: January 19, 2023)
ThreatFabric researchers analyzed a new Android banking trojan named Hook. It is a rebranded development of the Ermac malware that was based on the Android banker Cerberus. Hook added new capabilities in targeting banking and cryptocurrency-related applications. The malware also added capabilities of a remote access trojan and a spyware. Its device take-over capabilities include being able to remotely view and interact with the screen of the infected device, manipulate files on the devices file system, simulate clicks, fill text boxes, and perform gestures. Hook can start the social messaging application WhatsApp, extract all the messages present, and send new ones.
Analyst Comment: Users should take their mobile device security seriously whether they use it for social messaging or actually provide access to their banking accounts and/or cryptocurrency holdings. Similar to its predecessors, Hook will likely be used by many threat actors (malware-as-as-service model). It means the need to protect from a wide range of attacks: smishing, prompts to install malicious apps, excessive |
Malware Tool Threat Guideline | APT 15 APT 25 | ★★★ |
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2022-12-17 13:15:09 | CVE-2022-4584 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component mp42aac. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-216170 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-13 10:15:10 | CVE-2022-3974 (lien direct) | A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected by this vulnerability is the function AP4_StdcFileByteStream::ReadPartial of the file Ap4StdCFileByteStream.cpp of the component mp4info. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-213553 was assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-02 13:15:16 | CVE-2022-3810 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been classified as problematic. This affects the function AP4_File::AP4_File of the file Mp42Hevc.cpp of the component mp42hevc. The manipulation leads to denial of service. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212667. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-02 13:15:16 | CVE-2022-3809 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function ParseCommandLine of the file Mp4Tag/Mp4Tag.cpp of the component mp4tag. The manipulation leads to denial of service. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-212666 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 22:15:12 | CVE-2022-3816 (lien direct) | A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected is an unknown function of the component mp4decrypt. The manipulation leads to memory leak. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-212682 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 22:15:12 | CVE-2022-3815 (lien direct) | A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Axiomatic Bento4. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component mp4decrypt. The manipulation leads to memory leak. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-212681 was assigned to this vulnerability. | Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 22:15:12 | CVE-2022-3812 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function AP4_ContainerAtom::AP4_ContainerAtom of the component mp4encrypt. The manipulation leads to memory leak. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-212678 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 22:15:12 | CVE-2022-3817 (lien direct) | A vulnerability has been found in Axiomatic Bento4 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component mp4mux. The manipulation leads to memory leak. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212683. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 22:15:12 | CVE-2022-3814 (lien direct) | A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in Axiomatic Bento4. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component mp4decrypt. The manipulation leads to memory leak. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212680. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 22:15:12 | CVE-2022-3813 (lien direct) | A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Axiomatic Bento4. This affects an unknown part of the component mp4edit. The manipulation leads to memory leak. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212679. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-11-01 20:15:22 | CVE-2022-3807 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been rated as problematic. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component Incomplete Fix CVE-2019-13238. The manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212660. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-31 21:15:12 | CVE-2022-3784 (lien direct) | A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Axiomatic Bento4 5e7bb34. Affected by this vulnerability is the function AP4_Mp4AudioDsiParser::ReadBits of the file Ap4Mp4AudioInfo.cpp of the component mp4hls. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212563. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-31 21:15:12 | CVE-2022-3785 (lien direct) | A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected by this issue is the function AP4_DataBuffer::SetDataSize of the component Avcinfo. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212564. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-26 19:15:27 | CVE-2022-3670 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function WriteSample of the component mp42hevc. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-212010 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-26 19:15:26 | CVE-2022-3669 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4 and classified as problematic. This issue affects the function AP4_AvccAtom::Create of the component mp4edit. The manipulation leads to memory leak. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-212009 was assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-26 19:15:25 | CVE-2022-3668 (lien direct) | A vulnerability has been found in Axiomatic Bento4 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function AP4_AtomFactory::CreateAtomFromStream of the component mp4edit. The manipulation leads to memory leak. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212008. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-26 19:15:24 | CVE-2022-3667 (lien direct) | A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in Axiomatic Bento4. This affects the function AP4_MemoryByteStream::WritePartial of the file Ap4ByteStream.cpp of the component mp42aac. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212007. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-26 19:15:23 | CVE-2022-3666 (lien direct) | A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected by this issue is the function AP4_LinearReader::Advance of the file Ap4LinearReader.cpp of the component mp42ts. The manipulation leads to use after free. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-212006 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Guideline | APT 17 | ★★ |
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2022-10-26 19:15:22 | CVE-2022-3665 (lien direct) | A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file AvcInfo.cpp of the component avcinfo. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-212005 was assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | ★★ |
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2022-10-26 19:15:21 | CVE-2022-3664 (lien direct) | A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Axiomatic Bento4. Affected is the function AP4_BitStream::WriteBytes of the file Ap4BitStream.cpp of the component avcinfo. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212004. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | ★★ |
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2022-10-26 19:15:19 | CVE-2022-3663 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects the function AP4_StsdAtom of the file Ap4StsdAtom.cpp of the component MP4fragment. The manipulation leads to null pointer dereference. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-212003. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-26 19:15:17 | CVE-2022-3662 (lien direct) | A vulnerability was found in Axiomatic Bento4. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function GetOffset of the file Ap4Sample.h of the component mp42hls. The manipulation leads to use after free. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-212002 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2022-10-18 14:15:09 | China-linked APT41 group targets Hong Kong with Spyder Loader (lien direct) | >China-linked threat actors APT41 (a.k.a. Winnti) targeted organizations in Hong Kong, in some cases remaining undetected for a year. Symantec researchers reported that cyberespionage group APT41 targeted organizations in Hong Kong in a campaign that is a likely continuation of the Operation CuckooBees activity detailed by Cybereason in May. Winnti (aka APT41, Axiom, Barium, Blackfly) is a cyberespionage […] | Threat Guideline | APT 41 APT 17 | |
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2022-09-20 15:00:00 | Anomali Cyber Watch: Uber and GTA 6 Were Breached, RedLine Bundle File Advertises Itself on YouTube, Supply-Chain Attack via eCommerce Fishpig Extensions, and More (lien direct) | The various threat intelligence stories in this iteration of the Anomali Cyber Watch discuss the following topics: China, Cyberespionage, Iran, Ransomware, Stealers, and Supply chain. The IOCs related to these stories are attached to Anomali Cyber Watch and can be used to check your logs for potential malicious activity.
Figure 1 - IOC Summary Charts. These charts summarize the IOCs attached to this magazine and provide a glimpse of the threats discussed.
Trending Cyber News and Threat Intelligence
Hacker Pwns Uber Via Compromised VPN Account
(published: September 16, 2022)
On September 15, 2022, ride-sharing giant Uber started an incident response after discovering a data breach. According to Group-IB researchers, download file name artifacts point to the attacker getting access to fresh keylogger logs affecting two Uber employees from Indonesia and Brazil that have been infected with Racoon and Vidar stealers. The attacker allegedly used a compromised VPN account credentials and performed multifactor authentication fatigue attack by requesting the MFA push notification many times and then making a social-engineering call to the affected employee. Once inside, the attacker allegedly found valid credentials for privilege escalation: a PowerShell script containing hardcoded credentials for a Thycotic privileged access management admin account. On September 18, 2022, Rockstar Games’ Grand Theft Auto 6 suffered a confirmed data leak, likely caused by the same attacker.
Analyst Comment: Network defenders can consider setting up alerts for signs of an MFA fatigue attack such as a large number of MFA requests in a relatively short period of time. Review your source code for embedded credentials, especially those with administrative privileges.
MITRE ATT&CK: [MITRE ATT&CK] Valid Accounts - T1078 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Credentials from Password Stores - T1555
Tags: MFA fatigue, Social engineering, Data breach, Uber, GTA 6, GTA VI, detection:Racoon, detection:Vidar, malware-type:Keylogger, malware-type:Stealer
Self-Spreading Stealer Attacks Gamers via YouTube
(published: September 15, 2022)
Kaspersky researchers discovered a new campaign spreading the RedLine commodity stealer. This campaign utilizes a malicious bundle: a single self-extracting archive. The bundle delivers RedLine and additional malware, which enables spreading the malicious archive by publishing promotional videos on victim’s Youtube channel. These videos target gamers with promises of “cheats” and “cracks.”
Analyst Comment: Kids and other online gamers should be reminded to avoid illegal software. It might be better to use different machines for your gaming and banking activities.
MITRE ATT&CK: [MITRE ATT&CK] User Execution - T1204 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Credentials from Password Stores - T1555 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Resource Hijacking - T1496
Tags: detection:RedLine, malware-type:Stealer, Bundle, Self-spreading, Telegraph, Youtub |
Ransomware Malware Tool Vulnerability Threat Guideline | Uber Uber APT 41 APT 15 | |
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2022-08-18 08:00:00 | Ukraine and the fragility of agriculture security (lien direct) |  By Joe Marshall.The war in Ukraine has had far-reaching global implications and one of the most immediate effects felt will be on the global supply chain for food. This war-induced fragility has exposed the weaknesses of how we feed ourselves globally. Ransomware cartels and other adversaries are well aware of this and are actively exploiting that fragility. For the past six years, Cisco Talos has been actively involved in assisting public and private institutions in Ukraine to defend themselves against state-sponsored actors. Our involvement stretches the gamut from commercial to critical infrastructure, to election security. Our presence has afforded us unique opportunities and observations about cybersecurity in a macro and micro way. Ukraine has been a frequent victim of state-sponsored cyber attacks aimed at critical infrastructures like power and transportation. Talos is proud to stand with our partners in Ukraine and help defend their critical networks and help users there maintain access to necessary services. Now that Russia has invaded Ukraine, those threats have escalated to kinetic attacks that are wreaking havoc on a critical element of our world: agriculture and our global food supply chain. Even worse is the implications this war will have for future cyber attacks, as fragility is considered a lucrative element in deciding victimology by threat actors like ransomware cartels. To truly grasp the implications of the war in Ukraine, we have to examine how vital Ukrainian agriculture feeds the world, the current state of affairs, and what this means for the global cybersecurity posture to protect agricultural assets. Where there is weakness, there is opportunityRansomware cartels and their affiliates are actively targeting the agricultural industry. Moreover, these actors have done their homework and are targeting agricultural companies during the two times of the year where they cannot suffer disruptions: planting and harvesting. Per the published FBI PIN Alert: “Cyber actors may perceive cooperatives as lucrative targets with a willingness to pay due to the time-sensitive role they play in agricultural production.” This is far from unusual for these adversaries - they are shrewd and calculating, and understand their victims' weaknesses and industries. H |
Ransomware Threat Guideline Cloud | NotPetya Uber APT 37 APT 32 APT 28 APT 10 APT 21 Guam | |
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2022-08-06 10:46:21 | CISO workshop slides (lien direct) | A glossy, nicely-constructed and detailed PowerPoint slide deck by Microsoft Security caught my beady this morning. The title 'CISO Workshop: Security Program and Strategy' with 'Your Name Here' suggests it might be a template for use in a workshop/course bringing CISOs up to speed on the governance, strategic and architectural aspects of information security, but in fact given the amount of technical detail, it appears to be aimed at informing IT/technology managers about IT or cybersecurity, specifically. Maybe it is intended for newly-appointed CISOs or more junior managers who aspire to be CISOs, helping them clamber up the pyramid (slide 87 of 142): | Malware Vulnerability Threat Patching Guideline Medical Cloud | Uber APT 38 APT 37 APT 28 APT 19 APT 15 APT 10 APT 34 Guam | |
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2022-08-04 08:00:13 | Attackers leveraging Dark Utilities "C2aaS" platform in malware campaigns (lien direct) |  By Edmund Brumaghin, Azim Khodjibaev and Matt Thaxton, with contributions from Arnaud Zobec.Executive SummaryDark Utilities, released in early 2022, is a platform that provides full-featured C2 capabilities to adversaries.It is marketed as a means to enable remote access, command execution, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks and cryptocurrency mining operations on infected systems.Payloads provided by the platform support Windows, Linux and Python-based implementations and are hosted within the Interplanetary File System (IPFS), making them resilient to content moderation or law enforcement intervention.Since its initial release, we've observed malware samples in the wild leveraging it to facilitate remote access and cryptocurrency mining.What is "Dark Utilities?"In early 2022, a new C2 platform called "Dark Utilities" was established, offering a variety of services such as remote system access, DDoS capabilities and cryptocurrency mining. The operators of the service also established Discord and Telegram communities where they provide technical support and assistance for customers on the platform.  Dark Utilities provides payloads consisting of code that is executed on victim systems, allowing them to be registered with the service and establish a command and control (C2) communications channel. The platform currently supports Windows, Linux and Python-based payloads, allowing adversaries to target multiple architectures without requiring significant development resources. During our analysis, we observed efforts underway to expand OS and system architecture support as the platform continues to see ongoing develo |
Spam Malware Hack Tool Threat Guideline | APT 19 | |
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2022-08-02 08:00:14 | Manjusaka: A Chinese sibling of Sliver and Cobalt Strike (lien direct) |  By Asheer Malhotra and Vitor Ventura.Cisco Talos recently discovered a new attack framework called "Manjusaka" being used in the wild that has the potential to become prevalent across the threat landscape. This framework is advertised as an imitation of the Cobalt Strike framework.The implants for the new malware family are written in the Rust language for Windows and Linux.A fully functional version of the command and control (C2), written in GoLang with a User Interface in Simplified Chinese, is freely available and can generate new implants with custom configurations with ease, increasing the likelihood of wider adoption of this framework by malicious actors.We recently discovered a campaign in the wild using lure documents themed around COVID-19 and the Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. These maldocs ultimately led to the delivery of Cobalt Strike beacons on infected endpoints.We have observed the same threat actor using the Cobalt Strike beacon and implants from the Manjusaka framework.IntroductionCisco Talos has discovered a relatively new attack framework called "Manjusaka" (which can be translated to "cow flower" from the Simplified Chinese writing) by their authors, being used in the wild.As defenders, it is important to keep track of offensive frameworks such as Cobalt Strike and Sliver so that enterprises can effectively defend against attacks employing these tools. Although we haven't observed widespread usage of this framework in the wild, it has the potential to be adopted by threat actors all over the world. This disclosure from Talos intends to provide early notification of the usage of Manjusaka. We also detail the framework's capabilities and the campaign that led to the discovery of this attack framework in the wild.The research started with a malicious Microsoft Word document (maldoc) that contained a Cobalt Strike (CS) beacon. The lure on this document mentioned a COVID-19 outbreak in Golmud City, one of the largest cities in the Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. During the investigation, Cisco Talos found no direct link between the campaign and the framework developers, aside from the usage of the framework (which is freely available on GitHub). However, we could not find any data that could support victimology definition. This is justifiable considering there's a low number of victims, indicating the early stages of the campaign, further supported by the maldoc metadata that indicates it was created in the second half of June 2022.While investigating the maldoc infection chain, we found an implant used to instrument Manjusaka infections, contacting the same IP address as the CS beacon. This implant is written in the Rust programming language and we found samples for Windows and Linux operating systems. The Windows implant included test samples, which had non-internet-routable IP addresses as command and control (C2). Talos also discovered the Manjusaka C2 executable - a fully functional C2 ELF binary written in GoLang with a User Interface in Simplified Chinese - on GitHub. While analyzing the C2, we generated implants by specifying our configurations. The developer advertises it has an advers |
Malware Threat Guideline | APT 19 | |
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2022-07-27 12:22:17 | Vulnerability Spotlight: How a code re-use issue led to vulnerabilities across multiple products (lien direct) |  By Francesco Benvenuto. Recently, I was performing some research on a wireless router and noticed the following piece of code: |
Vulnerability Guideline Medical | APT 38 APT 19 | |
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2022-07-10 13:41:08 | Complexity, simplified (lien direct) | Following its exit from the EU, the UK is having to pick up on various important matters that were previously covered by EU laws and regulations. One such issue is to be addressed through a new law on online safety."Online safety: what's that?" I hear you ask. "Thank you for asking, lady in the blue top over there! Kindly allow me to elaborate ... errrr ..."'Online safety' sounds vaguely on-topic for us and our clients, so having tripped over a mention of this, I went Googling for more information. First stop: the latest amended version of the Online Safety Bill. It is written in extreme legalese, peppered with strange terms defined in excruciating detail, and littered with internal and external cross-references, hardly any of which are hyperlinked e.g. | Guideline | APT 10 | |
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2022-06-24 13:40:08 | The sadly neglected Risk Treatment Plan (lien direct) |  For some curious reason, the Statement of Applicability steals the limelight in the ISO27k world, despite being little more than a formality. Having recently blogged about the dreaded SoA, 'nuff said on that.Today I'm picking up on the SoA's shy little brother, the Risk Treatment Plan. There's a lot to say and think about here, so coffee-up, settle-down, sit forward and zone-in.ISO/IEC 27001 barely even acknowledges the RTP. Here are the first two mentions, tucked discreetly under clause 6.1.3: |
Threat Guideline | APT 19 APT 10 | ★★★★ |
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2022-05-03 16:31:00 | Anomali Cyber Watch: Time-to-Ransom Under Four Hours, Mustang Panda Spies on Russia, Ricochet Chollima Sends Goldbackdoor to Journalists, and More (lien direct) | The various threat intelligence stories in this iteration of the Anomali Cyber Watch discuss the following topics: APT, China, Cyberespionage, LNK files, Malspam, North Korea, Phishing, Ransomware, and Vulnerabilities. The IOCs related to these stories are attached to Anomali Cyber Watch and can be used to check your logs for potential malicious activity.
Figure 1 - IOC Summary Charts. These charts summarize the IOCs attached to this magazine and provide a glimpse of the threats discussed.
Trending Cyber News and Threat Intelligence
A Lookback Under the TA410 Umbrella: Its Cyberespionage TTPs and Activity
(published: April 28, 2022)
ESET researchers found three different teams under China-sponsored umbrella cyberespionage group TA410, which is loosely linked to Stone Panda (APT10, Chinese Ministry of State Security). ESET named these teams FlowingFrog, JollyFrog, and LookingFrog. FlowingFrog uses the Royal Road RTF weaponizer described by Anomali in 2019. Infection has two stages: the Tendyron implant followed by a very complex FlowCloud backdoor. JollyFrog uses generic malware such as PlugX and QuasarRAT. LookingFrog’s infection stages feature the X4 backdoor followed by the LookBack backdoor. Besides using different backdoors and exiting from IP addresses located in three different districts, the three teams use similar tools and similar tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).
Analyst Comment: Organizations should keep their web-facing applications such as Microsoft Exchange or SharePoint secured and updated. Educate your employees on handling suspected spearphishing attempts. Defense-in-depth (layering of security mechanisms, redundancy, fail-safe defense processes) is the best way to ensure safety from APTs, including a focus on both network and host-based security. Prevention and detection capabilities should also be in place.
MITRE ATT&CK: [MITRE ATT&CK] Exploit Public-Facing Application - T1190 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Phishing - T1566 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Native API - T1106 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Shared Modules - T1129 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Exploitation for Client Execution - T1203 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Inter-Process Communication - T1559 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Windows Management Instrumentation - T1047 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Scheduled Task - T1053 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Server Software Component - T1505 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Create or Modify System Process - T1543 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Obfuscated Files or Information - T1027 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Masquerading - T1036 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Masquerading - T1036 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Rootkit - T1014 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Process Injection - T1055 | |
Ransomware Malware Tool Vulnerability Threat Guideline Cloud | APT 37 APT 10 APT 10 | |
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2022-03-10 23:39:03 | APT41 Compromised Six U.S. State Government Networks (lien direct) | FortiGuard Labs is aware of a report that threat actor APT41 compromised at least six networks belonging to U.S. state governments between May 2021 and February 2022. To gain a foothold into the victim's network, the threat actor used a number of different attack vectors: exploiting vulnerable Internet facing web applications and directory traversal vulnerabilities, performing SQL injection, and conducting de-serialization attacks. The intent of APT41 appears to be reconnaissance, though how the stolen information is to be used has not yet been determined.Why is this Significant? This is significant because at least six U.S. state government systems were broken into and data exfiltration was performed by APT41 as recent as February 2022 In addition, a zero-day vulnerability in the USAHerds application (CVE-2021-44207) as well as Log4j (CVE-2021-44228), among others, were exploited in the attacksWhat's the Detail of the Attack?APT41 performed several different ways to break into the targeted networks.In one case, the group exploited a SQL injection vulnerability in a Internet-facing web application. In another case, a then previously unknown vulnerability (CVE-2021-44207) in USAHerds, which is a web application used by agriculture officials to manage animal disease control and prevention, livestock identification and movement. Also, APT41 reportedly started to exploit the infamous Log4j vulnerability (CVE-2021-44228) within hours of Proof-of-Concept (PoC) code becoming available. Patches for both vulnerabilities are available. Once successful in breaking into the victim's network, the threat actor performed reconnaissance and credential harvesting activities. What is APT41?APT41 is a threat actor who has been active since at least 2012. Also known as TA415, Double Dragon, Barium, GREF and WickedPanda, the group reportedly performs Chinese state-sponsored espionage activities. APT41 targets organizations in multiple countries across a wide range of industries, such as telecommunications, industrial and engineering and think tanks. In 2020, five alleged members of the group were charged by the U.S. Justice Department for hacking more than 100 companies in the United States.What are the Tools Used by APT41?APT41 is known to use the following tools:ASPXSpy - web shell backdoorBITSAdmin - PowerShell cmdlets for creating and managing file transfers.BLACKCOFFEE - backdoor that disguise its communications as benign traffic to legitimate websites certutil - command-line utility tool used for manipulating certification authority (CA) data and components.China Chopper - web shell backdoor that allows attacker to have remote access to an enterprise networkCobalt Strike - a commercial penetration testing tool, which allows users to perform a wide range of activitiesDerusbi - DLL backdoorEmpire - PowerShell post-exploitation agent, which provides a wide range of attack activities to usersgh0st RAT - Remote Access Trojan (RAT)MESSAGETAP - data mining malware Mimikatz - open-source credential dumpernjRAT - Remote Access Trojan (RAT)PlugX - Remote Access Trojan (RAT)PowerSploit - open-source, offensive security framework which allows users to perform a wide range of activitiesROCKBOOT - BootkitShadowPad - backdoorWinnti for Linux - Remote Access Trojan (RAT) for LinuxZxShell - Remote Access Trojan (RAT)Badpotato - open-source tool that allows elevate user rights towards System rightsDustPan - shellcode loader. aka StealthVectorDEADEYE - downloaderLOWKEY - backdoorKeyplug - backdoorWhat are Other Vulnerabilities Known to be Exploited by APT41?APT41 exploited the following, but not restricted to, these vulnerabilities in the past:CVE-2020-10189 (ManageEngine Desktop Central remote code execution vulnerability)CVE-2019-19781 (Vulnerability in Citrix Application Delivery Controller, Citrix Gateway, and Citrix SD-WAN WANOP appliance)CVE-2019-3396 (Atlassian Confluence Widget Connector Macro Velocity Template Injection)CVE-2017-11882 (Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability)CVE-2017-0199 (Microsoft Office/WordPad Remote Code Execut | Malware Tool Vulnerability Threat Guideline | APT 41 APT 15 APT 15 | |
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2022-02-15 14:24:51 | CyberheistNews Vol 12 #07 [Heads Up] FBI Warns Against New Criminal QR Code Scams (lien direct) |
[Heads Up] FBI Warns Against New Criminal QR Code Scams
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CyberheistNews Vol 12 #07 | Feb. 15th., 2022
[Heads Up] FBI Warns Against New Criminal QR Code Scams
QR codes have been around for many years. While they were adopted for certain niche uses, they never did quite reach their full potential. They are a bit like Rick Astley in that regard, really popular for one song, but well after the boat had sailed. Do not get me wrong, Rick Astley achieved a lot. In recent years, he has become immortalized as a meme and Rick roller, but he could have been so much more.
However, in recent years, with lockdown and the drive to keep things at arms length, QR codes have become an efficient way to facilitate contactless communications, or the transfer of offers without physically handing over a coupon. As this has grown in popularity, more people have become familiar with how to generate their own QR codes and how to use them as virtual business cards, discount codes, links to videos and all sorts of other things.
QRime Codes
As with most things, once they begin to gain a bit of popularity, criminals move in to see how they can manipulate the situation to their advantage. Recently, we have seen fake QR codes stuck to parking meters enticing unwitting drivers to scan the code, and hand over their payment details believing they were paying for parking, whereas they were actually handing over their payment information to criminals.
The rise in QR code fraud resulted in the FBI releasing an advisory warning against fake QR codes that are being used to scam users. In many cases, a fake QR code will lead people to a website that looks like the intended legitimate site. So, the usual verification process of checking the URL and any other red flags apply.
CONTINUED with links and 4 example malicious QR codes on the KnowBe4 blog:
https://blog.knowbe4.com/qr-codes-in-the-time-of-cybercrime
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Ransomware Data Breach Spam Malware Threat Guideline | APT 15 APT 43 | |
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2021-12-07 15:08:56 | NICKEL - Targeting Organizations Across Europe, North America, and South America (lien direct) | FortiGuard Labs is aware of reports relating to NICKEL, a state sponsored group targeting varying interests in Europe, North and South America. NICKEL is a state sponsored group operating out of China and is targeting governmental organizations, diplomatic groups and non governmental organizations in 29 countries.NICKELs' modus operandi is the usage of exploits on unpached systems to compromise vulnerable systems and their unpatched services. Observed exploits used by NICKEL included the exploitation of services such as Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft SharePoint, and Pulse Secure VPN. Microsoft filed pleadings with the United States District Court of Eastern Virginia on December 2nd to seize control of servers used by NICKEL.What are the Technical Details?NICKEL malware variants use Internet Explorer COM interfaces to receive instructions from predefined command and control (C2) servers. The malware will then connect to the web-based C2 servers to check for a specific string located on these servers. Once confirmed, the malware will decode a Base64 encoded blob that will load shellcode for further exploitation.NICKEL malware is capable of capturing system information such as the IP address, OS version, system language, computer name and username of the current signed in user. It also contains backdoor functionality to execute commands and to upload and download files. NICKEL then uses the stolen and compromised credentials of the targeted victim to login to Microsoft 365 accounts via browser logins to exfiltrate victim emails for further damage.What Other Names is NICKEL Known As?According to Microsoft - NICKEL is also known as APT15, APT25, and Ke3Chang.Is this Limited to Targeted Attacks?Yes. Attacks are limited to varying targets in specific countries and verticals.What Countries were Targeted?They are:Argentina, Barbados, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, France, Guatemala, Honduras, Hungary, Italy, Jamaica, Mali, Mexico, Montenegro, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, United Kingdom, United States of America, and Venezuela.What is the Status of Protections?FortiGuard Labs provides the following AV coverage used in this campaign as:W32/Staser.COFE!trW32/Staser.CBQX!trW32/NetE.VH!trW32/BackDoor.U!trAll network IOC's are blocked by the FortiGuard WebFiltering client.Any Other Suggested Mitigation?Because it has been reported that NICKEL obtains access via unpatched and vulnerable systems, It is important to ensure that all known vendor vulnerabilities are addressed and updated to protect from attackers having a foothold within a network. Attackers are well aware of the difficulty of patching and if it is determined that patching is not feasible at this time, an assessment should be conducted to determine risk.Also - organizations are encouraged to conduct ongoing training sessions to educate and inform personnel about the latest phishing/spear phishing attacks. They also need to encourage employees to never open attachments from someone they don't know, and to always treat emails from unrecognized/untrusted senders with caution. Since it has been reported that various phishing and spear phishing attacks have been delivered via social engineering distribution mechanisms, it is crucial that end users within an organization be made aware of the various types of attacks being delivered. This can be accomplished through regular training sessions and impromptu tests using predetermined templates by an organizations' internal security department. Simple user awareness training on how to spot emails with malicious attachments or links could also help prevent initial access into the network. | Malware Patching Guideline | APT 15 APT 25 | ★★★★ |
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2021-10-25 21:30:32 | We need to pay attention to AI bias before it\'s too late (lien direct) | Cognitive bias leads to AI bias, and the garbage-in/garbage-out axiom applies. Experts offer advice on how to limit the fallout from AI bias. | Guideline | APT 17 | ★★★★ |
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2021-10-15 12:40:00 | Topic-specific policy 4/11: information transfer (lien direct) |  "Information transfer" is another ambiguous, potentially misleading title for a policy, even if it includes "information security". Depending on the context and the reader's understanding, it might mean or imply a security policy concerning:Any passage of information between any two or more end points - network datacommunications, for instance, sending someone a letter, speaking to them or drawing them a picture, body language, discussing business or personal matters, voyeurism, surveillance and spying etc.One way flows or a mutual, bilateral or multilateral exchange of information.Formal business reporting between the organisation and some third party, such as the external auditors, stockholders, banks or authorities.Discrete batch-mode data transfers (e.g. sending backup or archival tapes to a safe store, or updating secret keys in distributed hardware security modules), routine/regular/frequent transfers (e.g. strings of network packets), sporadic/exceptional/one-off transfers (e.g. subject access requests for personal information) or whatever. Transmission of information through broadcasting, training and awareness activities, reporting, policies, documentation, seminars, publications, blogs etc., plus its reception and comprehension. Internal communications within the organisation, for example between different business units, departments, teams and/or individuals, or between layers in the management hierarchy."Official"/mandatory, formalised disclosures to authorities or other third parties.Informal/unintended or formal/intentional communications that reveal or disclose sensitive information (raising confidentiality concerns) or critical information (with integrity and availability aspects). Formal provision of valuable information, for instance when a client discusses a case with a lawyer, accountant, auditor or some other professional. Legal transfer of information ownership, copyright etc. between parties, for example when a company takes over another or licenses its intellectual property.Again there are contextual ramifications. The nature and importance of information transfers differ between, say, hospitals and health service providers, consultants and their clients, social media companies and their customers, and battalion HQ with operating units out in the field. There is a common factor, however, namely information risk. The in |
General Information Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2021-10-14 17:20:00 | Topic-specific policy 3/11: asset management (lien direct) |  This piece is different to the others in this blog series. I'm seizing the opportunity to explain the thinking behind, and the steps involved in researching and drafting, an information security policy through a worked example. This is about the policy development process, more than the asset management policy per se. One reason is that, despite having written numerous policies on other topics in the same general area, we hadn't appreciated the value of an asset management policy, as such, even allowing for the ambiguous title of the example given in the current draft of ISO/IEC 27002:2022. The standard formally but (in my opinion) misleadingly defines asset as 'anything that has value to the organization', with an unhelpful note distinguishing primary from supporting assets. By literal substitution, 'anything that has value to the organization management' is the third example information security policy topic in section 5.1 ... but what does that actually mean?Hmmmm. Isn't it tautologous? Does anything not of value even require management? Is the final word in 'anything that has value to the organization management' a noun or verb i.e. does the policy concern the management of organizational assets, or is it about securing organizational assets that are valuable to its managers; or both, or something else entirely? Well, OK then, perhaps the standard is suggesting a policy on the information security aspects involved in managing information assets, by which I mean both the intangible information content and (as applicable) the physical storage media and processing/communications systems such as hard drives and computer networks?Seeking inspiration, Googling 'information security asset management policy' found me a policy by Sefton Council along those lines: with about 4 full pages of content, it covers security aspects of both the information content and IT systems, more specifically information ownership, valuation and acceptable use:1.2. Policy Statement The purpose of this policy is to achieve and maintain appropriate protection of organisational assets. It does this by ensuring that every information asset has an owner and that the nature and value of each asset is fully understood. It also ensures that the boundaries of acceptable use are clearly defined for anyone that has access to |
Tool Guideline | APT 17 | |
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2021-09-14 15:00:00 | Anomali Cyber Watch: Azurescape Cloud Threat, MSHTML 0-Day in The Wild, Confluence Cloud Hacked to Mine Monero, and More (lien direct) | The various threat intelligence stories in this iteration of the Anomali Cyber Watch discuss the following topics: Android, APT, Confluence, Cloud, MSHTML, Phishing, and Vulnerabilities. The IOCs related to these stories are attached to Anomali Cyber Watch and can be used to check your logs for potential malicious activity.
Figure 1 - IOC Summary Charts. These charts summarize the IOCs attached to this magazine and provide a glimpse of the threats discussed. Current Anomali ThreatStream users can query these indicators under the “anomali cyber watch” tag.
Trending Cyber News and Threat Intelligence
S.O.V.A. – A New Android Banking Trojan with Fowl Intentions
(published: September 10, 2021)
ThreatFabric researchers have discovered a new Android banking trojan called S.O.V.A. The malware is still in the development and testing phase and the threat actor is publicly-advertising S.O.V.A. for trial runs targeting banks to improve its functionality. The trojan’s primary objective is to steal personally identifiable information (PII). This is conducted through overlay attacks, keylogging, man-in-the-middle attacks, and session cookies theft, among others. The malware author is also working on other features such as distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) and ransomware on S.O.V.A.’s project roadmap.
Analyst Comment: Always keep your mobile phone fully patched with the latest security updates. Only use official locations such as the Google Play Store / Apple App Store to obtain your software, and avoid downloading applications, even if they appear legitimate, from third-party stores. Furthermore, always review the permissions an app will request upon installation.
MITRE ATT&CK: [MITRE ATT&CK] Input Capture - T1056 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Man-in-the-Middle - T1557 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Steal Web Session Cookie - T1539 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Network Denial of Service - T1498 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Data Encrypted for Impact - T1486
Tags: Android, Banking trojan, S.O.V.A., Overlay, Keylogging, Cookies, Man-in-the-Middle
Finding Azurescape – Cross-Account Container Takeover in Azure Container Instances
(published: September 9, 2021)
Unit 42 researchers identified and disclosed critical security issues in Microsoft’s Container-as-a-Service (CaaS) offering that is called Azure Container Instances (ACI). A malicious Azure user could have compromised the multitenant Kubernetes clusters hosting ACI, establishing full control over other users' containers. Researchers gave the vulnerability a specific name, Azurescape, highlighting its significance: it the first cross-account container takeover in the public cloud.
Analyst Comment: Azurescape vulnerabilities could have allowed an attacker to execute code on other users' containers, steal customer secrets and images deployed to the platform, and abuse ACI's infrastructure processing power. Microsoft patched ACI shortly after the discl |
Ransomware Spam Malware Tool Vulnerability Threat Guideline | Uber APT 41 APT 15 | |
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2021-07-06 15:05:00 | Anomali Cyber Watch: Thousands attacked as REvil ransomware hijacks Kaseya VSA, Leaked Babuk Locker Ransomware Builder Used In New Attacks and More (lien direct) | The various threat intelligence stories in this iteration of the Anomali Cyber Watch discuss the following topics: Babuk, IndigoZebra, Ransomware, REvil, Skimmer, Zero-day and Vulnerabilities. The IOCs related to these stories are attached to Anomali Cyber Watch and can be used to check your logs for potential malicious activity.
Figure 1 - IOC Summary Charts. These charts summarize the IOCs attached to this magazine and provide a glimpse of the threats discussed.
Trending Cyber News and Threat Intelligence
Shutdown Kaseya VSA Servers Now Amidst Cascading REvil Attack Against MSPs, Clients
(published: July 4, 2021)
A severe ransomware attack reportedly took place against the popular remote monitoring and management (RMM) software tool Kaseya VSA. On July 2, 2021, Kaseya urged users to shut down their VSA servers to prevent them from being compromised. The company estimated that fewer than 40 of their customers worldwide were affected, but as some of them were managed service providers (MSPs), over 1,000 businesses were infected. The majority of known victims are in the US with some in Europe (Sweden) and New Zealand. The attackers exploited a zero-day vulnerability in Kaseya’s systems that the company was in the process of fixing. It was part of the administrative interface vulnerabilities in tools for system administration previously identified by Wietse Boonstra, a DIVD researcher. The REvil payload was delivered via Kaseya software using a custom dropper that dropped two files. A dropper opens an old but legitimate copy of Windows Defender (MsMpEng.exe) that then side loads and executes the custom malicious loader's export. The attack coincided with the start of the US Independence Day weekend, and has several politically-charged strings, such as “BlackLivesMatter” Windows registry key and “DTrump4ever” as a password.
Analyst Comment: Kaseya VSA clients should safely follow the company’s recommendations as it advised shutting Kaseya VSA servers down, and is making new security updates available. Every organization should have a ransomware disaster recovery plan even if it is serviced by a managed service provider (MSP).
MITRE ATT&CK: [MITRE ATT&CK] Data Encrypted for Impact - T1486 | [MITRE ATT&CK] Supply Chain Compromise - T1195 | [MITRE ATT&CK] DLL Side-Loading - T1073
Tags: REvil, Sodinokibi, Gandcrab, Leafroller, Kaseya VSA, ransomware, Ransomware-as-a- Service, zero-day, CVE-2021-30116, supply-chain, North America, USA, Sweden, New Zealand, MSP, RMM, schools
IndigoZebra APT Continues To Attack Central Asia With Evolving Tools
(published: July 1, 2021)
Researchers from Check Point have identified the Afghan Government as the latest victim in a cyber espionage campaign by the suspected Chinese group ‘IndigoZebra’. This attack began in April when Afghan National Security Council (NSC) officials began to receive lure emails claiming to be from the President’s secretariat. These emails included a decoy file that would install the backdoor ‘BoxCaon’ on the system before reaching out to the Dropbox API to act as a C&C server. The attacker would then be able to fingerprint the machine and begin accessing files. I |
Ransomware Spam Malware Tool Vulnerability Threat Guideline | APT 19 APT 10 | |
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2020-12-07 20:46:46 | Ever Evolving: Katie Nickels on Incident Response in a Remote World (lien direct) |
We spent some time with Katie Nickels - current Director of Intelligence at Red Canary and formerly MITRE ATT&CK Threat Intelligence Lead - to discuss applied threat intelligence, prioritizing threats for impact, and working incident response in remote environments - check it out... |
Threat Guideline | APT 15 | |
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2020-07-13 09:07:16 | Security Expert Re: New WordPress RCE Exploit (CVSS Score 10.0 ) (lien direct) | Webmasters who use WordPress plugin Adning Advertising are urged to patch against a critical vulnerability that is reportedly being exploited in the wild. Exploitation of the flaw enables an unauthenticated attacker to upload arbitrary files, leading to remote code execution (RCE) and potentially a full site takeover. Such is the flaw's seriousness, MITRE has assigned … The ISBuzz Post: This Post Security Expert Re: New WordPress RCE Exploit (CVSS Score 10.0 ) | Vulnerability Guideline | APT 19 | |
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2020-06-18 22:10:28 | Spear-phishing campaign tricks users to transfer money (TTPs & IOC) (lien direct) | We are publishing the following information in order to help organisations to identify this threat before attackers will perform successful phishing on their employees. Attackers are targeting companies which have foreign trading partners, i.a. in Asia, to perform a wire transfer to a wrong bank account number.We found that domains registered using muhammad.appleseed1@mail.ru e-mail address are actively used in a spear phishing campaign that aims to trick targets to transfer money into bank accounts controller by the attacker using social engineering.Most likely attack scenario looks like following:There is an ongoing e-mail communication between company X and YAn attacker has gained access to an e-mail account of one of the parties | Threat Guideline | APT 15 | |
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2020-01-22 09:00:00 | NBlog Jan 22 - further lessons from Travelex (lien direct) |  At the bottom of a Travelex update on their incident, I spotted this yesterday:Customer PrecautionsBased on the public attention this incident has received, individuals may try to take advantage of it and attempt some common e-mail or telephone scams. Increased awareness and vigilance are key to detecting and preventing this type of activity. As a precaution, if you receive a call from someone claiming to be from Travelex that you are not expecting or you are unsure about the identity of a caller, you should end the call and call back on 0345 872 7627. If you have any questions or believe you have received a suspicious e-mail or telephone call, please do not hesitate to contact us. Although I am not personally aware of any such 'e-mail or telephone scams', Travelex would know better than me - and anyway even if there have been no scams as yet, the warning makes sense: there is indeed a known risk of scammers exploiting major, well-publicised incidents such as this. We've seen it before, such as fake charity scams taking advantage of the public reaction to natural disasters such as the New Orleans floods, and - who knows - maybe the Australian bushfires.At the same time, this infosec geek is idly wondering whether the Travelex warning message and web page are legitimate. It is conceivable that the cyber-criminals and hackers behind the ransomware incident may still have control of the Travelex domains, webservers and/or websites, perhaps all their corporate comms including the Travelex Twitter feeds and maybe even the switchboard behind that 0345 number. I'm waffling on about corporate identity theft, flowing on from the original incident.I appreciate the scenario I'm postulating seems unlikely but bear with me and my professional paranoia for a moment. Let's explore the hypot |
Ransomware Malware Patching Guideline | APT 15 | |
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2020-01-07 14:00:00 | Healthcare cybersecurity for 2020 and beyond (lien direct) |
An independent guest blogger wrote this blog.
These days, effective cybersecurity in healthcare is as critical as ever. Last year, more than 32 million patients had their personal and medical information stolen in data breaches across the United States. While moves are being made, the fact remains that healthcare providers still have many holes to plug when it comes to the illegal or accidental outpouring of patient data.
The issue is that current problems need to be solved now before hackers move on to new, more advanced attack strategies. The good news is that there are many methods currently available to mitigate the chances of data leakage if medical professionals are proactive enough to enforce them.
HIPAA on the front lines
When patients visit the doctor, they expect to go to a safe place where their best interests are always the top priority. To foster that confidence, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act was created to protect patient data while also giving the patients control over who can see their information. Along with HIPAA, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act, encourages medical practices also to ensure that all technology they use is protected to eliminate wrongful data leakage.
Medical records contain an abundance of private information that can be used for any number of malicious means. Full medical records can often go for $1000 on the black market where the addresses, social security numbers, and financial information within can be used to create fake identification or take out large loans that can leave the patient in debt. If a hacker catches wind of a patient’s surgery date, they can even attempt to shut down hospital functions until a ransom is paid, like the $14K one paid by Columbia Surgical Specialists.
For these security reasons and to retain the trust of the patients, proper data security is essential, and it starts on the front lines. Nurse leaders should train their staff on how to retain patient confidentiality properly. When discussing the patients near the front desk, only use first names, and conversations should be had behind a closed door or as quietly as possible. Hard copies of patent data should never be left lying around, and your printer should be set to print pages facing down. The last thing you need is to have security precautions in place but still allow a criminal to simply walk up and take private information out of the office.
Proper record keeping
Because hackers have so much to gain from stealing patient data, proper record-keeping is essential. Per HIPAA, medical records are required to be kept between five to 10 years, based on the state and the patient’s last treatment or discharge. If paperwork is to be discarded, it must be properly shredded. If you keep paper records, they must be stored in locked cabinet |
Threat Guideline | APT 10 | |
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2019-08-14 21:45:48 | Threat hunting using DNS firewalls and data enrichment (lien direct) | After seeing a few advertisements about DNS firewalls and how expensive they are, I want to share my experience with blue teamers about how DNS firewalls work and how that knowledge can be used for in-house threat hunting solutions and/or building your own DNS firewall (aka do it yourself). These are examples of an approach to detect malicious behaviour, not a tailor made solutions.At the beginning I would like to highlight that it's a good practice to monitor not only logs but also DNS traffic in real time. Such traffic isn't encrypted and if you only check DNS server logs then you can miss direct requests to other DNS servers. Additionally you can also use recently published version of Sysmon [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/sysmon] which supports DNS queries in event ID 22 (DNSEvent).The DNS queries used below that end with | Spam Malware Threat Guideline | APT 18 | |
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2019-07-25 13:00:00 | Can you trust threat intelligence from threat sharing communities? | AT&T ThreatTraq (lien direct) | Every week the AT&T Chief Security Office produces a series called ThreatTraq with helpful information and news commentary for InfoSec practitioners and researchers. I really enjoy them; you can subscribe to the Youtube channel to stay updated. This is a transcript of a recent feature on ThreatTraq. The video features Jaime Blasco, VP and Chief Scientist, AlienVault, Stan Nurilov, Lead Member of Technical Staff, AT&T, and Joe Harten, Director Technical Security. Stan: Jaime. I think you have a very interesting topic today about threat intelligence. Jaime: Yes, we want to talk about how threat intelligence is critical for threat detection and incident response, but then when this threat intelligence and the threat actors try to match those indicators and that information that is being shared, it can actually be bad for companies. So we are going to share some of the experiences we have had with managing the Open Threat Exchange (OTX) - one of the biggest threat sharing communities out there. Stan: Jaime mentioned that they have so many threat indicators and so much threat intelligence as part of OTX, the platform. Jaime: We know attackers monitor these platforms and are adjusting tactics and techniques and probably the infrastructure based on public reaction to cyber security companies sharing their activities in blog posts and other reporting. An example is in September 2017, we saw APT28, and it became harder to track because we were using some of the infrastructure and some of the techniques that were publicly known. And another cyber security company published content about that and then APT28 became much more difficult to track. The other example is APT1. If you remember the APT1 report in 2013 that Mandiant published, that made the group basically disappear from the face of earth, right? We didn't see them for a while and then they changed the infrastructure and they changed a lot of the tools that they were using, and then they came back in 2014. So we can see that that threat actor disappeared for a while, changed and rebuilt, and then they came back. We also know that attackers can try to publish false information in this platform, so that's why it's important that not only those platforms are automated, but also there are human analysts that can verify that information. Joe: It seems like you have to have a process of validating the intelligence, right? I think part of it is you don't want to take this intelligence at face value without having some expertise of your own that asks, is this valid? Is this a false positive? Is this planted by the adversary in order to throw off the scent? I think it's one of those things where you can't automatically trust - threat intelligence. You have to do some of your own diligence to validate the intelligence, make sure it makes sense, make sure it's still fresh, it's still good. This is something we're working on internally - creating those other layers to validate and create better value of our threat intelligence. Jaime: The other issue I wanted to bring to the table is what we call false flag operations - that's when an adversary or a threat actor studies another threat actor and tries to emulate their behavior. So when companies try to do at | Malware Threat Studies Guideline | APT 38 APT 28 APT 1 | |
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2019-07-01 08:00:07 | Reference: TaoSecurity News (lien direct) | I started speaking publicly about digital security in 2000. I used to provide this information on my Web site, but since I don't keep that page up-to-date anymore, I decided to publish it here. 2017 Mr. Bejtlich led a podcast titled Threat Hunting: Past, Present, and Future, in early July 2017. He interviewed four of the original six GE-CIRT incident handlers. The audio is posted on YouTube. Thank you to Sqrrl for making the reunion possible. Mr. Bejtlich's latest book was inducted into the Cybersecurity Canon. Mr. Bejtlich is doing limited security consulting. See this blog post for details. 2016 Mr. Bejtlich organized and hosted the Management track (now "Executive track") at the 7th annual Mandiant MIRCon (now "FireEye Cyber Defense Summit") on 29-30 November 2016. Mr. Bejtlich delivered the keynote to the 2016 Air Force Senior Leaders Orientation Conference at Joint Base Andrews on 29 July 2016. Mr. Bejtlich delivered the keynote to the FireEye Cyber Defense Live Tokyo event in Tokyo on 12 July 2016. Mr. Bejtlich delivered the keynote to the New Zealand Cyber Security Summit in Auckland on 6 May 2016. Mr. Bejtlich delivered the keynote to the Lexpo Summit in Amsterdam on 21 April 2016. Video posted here. Mr. Bejtlich discussed cyber security campaigns at the 2016 War Studies Cumberland Lodge Conference near London on 30 March 2016. Mr. Bejtlich offered a guest lecture to the Wilson Center Congressional Cybersecurity Lab on 5 February 2016. Mr. Bejtlich delivered the keynote to the SANS Cyber Threat Intelligence Summit on 4 February 2016. Slides and video available. 2015 Mr. Bejtlich spoke on a panel at the DefenseOne Summit on 2 November 2015. Mr. Bejtlich spoke on a panel at the AEI Internet Strategy event on 27 October 2015. Mr. Bejtlich organized and hosted the Management track at the 6th annual Mandiant MIRCon on 13-14 October 2015. Mr. Bejtlich testified to the House Foreign Affairs Committee on 7 October 2015. Mr. Bejtlich testified to the House Armed Services Committee on 30 September 2015. Mr. Bejtlich delivered a keynote at the 2015 Army Cyber Institute Cyber Talks on 22 September 2015 in Washington, DC. Mr. Bejtlich delivered a keynote at the 2015 Security Onion Conference on 11 September 2015 in Augusta, GA. Mr. Bejtlich delivered a keynote at the 2015 World Services Group Conference on 10 S | Guideline | APT 1 | |
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2017-12-05 08:24:37 | NBlog December 5 - lurid headline (lien direct) | Social-Engineer.com's newsletter is a useful source of information about social engineering methods. The latest issue outlines some of the tricks used by phishers to lure their victims initially."It is not breaking news that phishing is the leading cause of data breaches in the modern world. It is safe to ask why that is the case though, given how much of this email gets caught up in our spam filters and perimeter defenses. One trick sophisticated attackers use is triggering emotional responses from targets using simple and seemingly innocuous messaging to generate any response at all. Some messaging does not initially employ attachments or links, but instead tries to elicit an actual reply from the target. Once the attackers establish a communication channel and a certain level of trust, either a payload of the attacker's choosing can then be sent or the message itself can entice the target to act."That same technique is used by advertisers over the web in the form of lurid or intriguing headlines and images, carefully crafted to get us to click the links and so dive into a rabbit warren of further items and junk, all the while being inundated with ads. You may even see the lures here or hereabouts (courtesy of Google). Once you've seen enough of them, you'll recognize the style and spot the trigger words - bizarre, trick, insane, weird, THIS and so on, essentially meaning CLICK HERE, NOW!They are curiously attractive, almost irresistible, even though we've groped around in the rabbit warrens before and suspect or know what we're letting ourselves in for. But why is that? 'Curiously' is the key: it's our natural curiosity that leads us in. It's what led you to read this sentence. Ending the previous paragraph with a rhetorical question was my deliberate choice. Like magpies or trout chasing something shiny, I got you. You fell for it. I manipulated you. Sorry.There are loads more examples along similar lines - random survey statistics for instance ("87% of X prone to Y") and emotive subjects ("Doctors warn Z causes cancer"). We have the newspapers to thank for the very term 'headline', not just the tabloid/gutter press ("Elvis buried on Mars") but the broadsheets and more up-market magazines and journals, even scientific papers. The vast majority of stuff we read has titles and headings, large and bold in style, both literally and figuratively. Postings on this blog all have short titles and a brief summary/description, and some of the more detailed pieces have subheadings providing structure and shortcuts for readers who lack the time or inclination to read every word ... which hints at another issue, information overload. Today's Web is so vast that we're all sipping from the fire hose.And that | Guideline | APT 15 |
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